In a significant move, Mali has adopted a new constitution, leading to the dismissal of French as its official language, a position it held since gaining independence in 1960.
The change was brought about by a June 18 referendum, where an overwhelming majority of 96.91% of voters supported the new constitution. Although French will retain its status as the working language, this historic decision grants official language status to 13 other national languages spoken throughout the country.
The West African nation of Mali boasts approximately 70 local languages, some of which, including Bambara, Bobo, Dogon, and Minianka, had already been granted national language status in 1982 through a decree.
The implementation of the new constitution marks the beginning of Mali’s Fourth Republic, led by Col. Assimi Goita, who assumed power in an August 2020 coup.
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The military junta has emphasized the constitution’s pivotal role in rebuilding the nation, considering the turbulent period of two subsequent coups in recent years, occurring in August 2020 and May 2021.
Notably, the initial plan to hold elections in February 2022 was postponed to February 2024 by the junta. However, the latest constitutional change reflects the government’s commitment to shaping a new era for Mali.
This decision to drop French as the official language comes amid a growing wave of anti-France sentiments across West Africa. France has faced criticism for perceived military and political interference in the region, sparking discussions about cultural identity and sovereignty.
Mali’s bold step towards embracing its linguistic diversity and affirming its national languages showcases a nation forging its path towards self-determination and unity. The world now watches closely as Mali embraces this significant change and looks ahead to a future of growth and progress under its new constitutional framework.
